Seminário Internacional do PPG-EM UERJ/ 2016

O Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica da UERJ - PPG-EM - e o GESARconvidam a todos para Seminário do PPG-EM UERJ / 2016

local: Auditório do CEPER

endereço: Rua Fonseca Teles 121, Rio de Janeiro - RJ; 2o. andar do edifício anexo.

data: 31 de agosto de 2016 (quarta-feira)

horário: 16h

THE ROLE OF MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELLINGIN STENT DEVELOPMENT

Autor: Dr. Sean McGinty - Dvision of Biomedical Engineering - University of Glasgow, Scotland

Resumo: Stents are tiny scaffolds which are used to widen arteries where the blood flow has become restricted. The most common use of stents is in treating coronary heart disease. These stents are now typically coated with a drug to reduce inflammation and are therefore called drug-eluting stents (DES). Over the past decade, various generations have emerged which include biodegradable polymer coated, polymer-free and bioresorbable stents. Whilst current DES generally perform well, researchers across academia and industry are engaged in trying to design better stents which can address important concerns such as delayed healing and can be used in patients with more complicated disease.

Traditionally, a purely empirical approach has been adopted by manufacturers in designing new stents. This is an extremely costly process and there have been instances where stents have been shelved at a late stage of development due to poor results. There is a growing recognition within the community that a truly multi-disciplinary approach is required to design the next generation stents, with mathematical and computational modelling playing a key role. Indeed, ideas from several branches of mathematics are required to successfully tackle this problem. Currently, a number of approaches are being adopted, including methods from continuum mechanics and mathematical biology, inverse problem theory, structural and soft tissue mechanics, numerical analysis and multi-objective optimisation. In modelling drug transport, which is the focus of this talk, analytical/semi-analytical and asymptotic approaches to solving coupled systems of advection-diffusion-reaction equations have been considered, moving boundary problems have been defined, and finite difference/finite element methods have been devised to cope with increasing complexity.

The purpose of this talk is three-fold. Firstly, it aims to provide a flavour of the purpose and evolution of stents and the modelling approaches that have been adopted thus far [1]. Secondly, a case study will be presented from our own group, which demonstrates how mathematical modelling has influenced the design of a novel drug-eluting stent [2]. Thirdly, the remaining challenges in the field will be discussed, which if overcome will allow for the design of optimized next generation DES.

[1] McGinty, S. (2014), A decade of modelling drug release from arterial stents, Math. Biosci., 257: 80-90.

[2] McGinty, S. and Pontrelli, G. (2015), A general model of coupled drug release and tissue absorption for drug delivery devices, J. Control. Release, 217: 327-336.